ASTM D5039-97(2002) PDF

1.1 The test methods describe procedures for identifying the wire side of paper made on a one-wire fourdrinier paper machine.

1.2 It is desirable to have means of distinguishing between the two sides because they generally differ in some physical and chemical characteristics. It is not always possible to identify the sides, particularly with coated and other surface-treated papers, certain high-grade papers made from well-beaten rag stock and specialties made with variations in the usual paper-making practices. If one procedure does not give a definite identification, the other procedures should be tried. Nevertheless, if any one of the following procedures gives a clear result, identification is established.

1.3 The procedures in these test methods are not applicable to paper made on cylinder, twin-wire, or other special machines.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.