Water system demand characteristics (quantity, quality, timing, and location) drive many
distribution system management, operation, and design decisions. Most notably,
characteristics such as average-annual use, maximum-day use, maximum-hour use, and
fire-flow requirements constrain the makeup, size, and timing of distribution system
modifications and expansions. Though very sophisticated network models have been
developed to design and analyze distribution system modifications and expansions, these
models traditionally treat nodal demand characteristics as a given, fixed and known.
However, in many cases, spatial distribution of demand is not well defined. This paper summaries recent AwwaRF research to quantify and further understand the
spatial characteristics of water demand. The research assesses consumption and
production data for strengths and weaknesses, reviews applicable scientific sampling
methods, and develops statistical models to better develop spatial inference about the
distribution of spatial demand. Applications of these methods and models include
improved capacity expansion planning, better calibrated distribution models for water
quality applications, a scientific basis for probabilistic inference on water demand, and
greater resolution to detect trends in water consumption relevant to distribution system
design and operation.
Includes figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 500 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 9 |
| Published : | 06/16/2002 |
