This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of the challenges of concentrate management, and the development of a hybrid approach. Overall project goals were to:
examine the removal of the sparingly soluble
salts (e.g., Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, and silica) through
intermediate precipitation after reverse osmosis (RO);
examine the salt removal efficiency of two types
of ED membranes; and,
investigate the performance and cost of the
hybrid RO-intermediate precipitation-ED/EDR
system to improve water recovery of different
types of brackish water. Research approach included the following:
preliminary analysis using KMS ROPRO to
calculate the water quality of RO concentrate
(TFC-ULP);
batch sequential operation of
RO,
intermediate precipitation and
ED;
water quality modeling to optimize operational
parameters; and,
economic-technical assessment. Presentation
conclusions indicate that:
ED/EDR is a viable technology to treat RO concentrate,
in particular, with high silica concentration;
at least 80% recovery can be achieved by ED
treatment, increasing overall recovery to 94-97%;
normal grade ion-exchange membranes exhibited
higher salt removal than monovalent permselective
membranes, however, intermediate precipitation is
required to remove sparingly soluble salts; and,
for ZLD with an evaporation pond, the RO-ED/EDR
configuration would have a 25 to 42 percent cost
advantage over conventional RO system. Includes tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 1.1 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 28 |
| Published : | 11/01/2008 |
