This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of brine minimization
and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) at 97% recovery and brine minimization technologies. Pilot study objectives were to: determine realistic flux rates, limiting factors,
fouling tendencies, and process stability of
two parallel reverse osmosis (RO) processes;
demonstrate it is feasible to eliminate liquid
discharges to receiving waters from inland
membrane treatment systems; and,
demonstrate that brine minimization and
ZLD technologies are compatible with typical
municipal water treatment plant (WTP) operations. Softening and pH lowering of the LPRO concentrate
prevents precipitation of supersaturated minerals in the
high recovery RO spiral elements. Extensive chemical pretreatment to prevent
precipitation of all minerals is not usually
required in the VSEPTM process. The pilot study RO concentrate is representative
of many brackish groundwater supplies in
Colorado. Conclusions are given for high recovery RO, VSEP, ZLD overall cost implications, and salt crystallization. Includes tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 3.6 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 23 |
| Published : | 11/01/2009 |
