This paper discusses traditional approaches to operations, the impact of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems to date, and the probable role of SCADA by the year 2010. In the past, and commonly in the present, two schemes are used to control water operations: continuous pumping with basic storage sized to accommodate normal demand plus additional storage for fire fighting, and operators attempting to control the system to a steady operating state by responding to problems as they occur. Automation currently in use often uses controllers to perform real-time control on a reactionary basis. However, some utilities are using controllers to anticipate problems and optimize operations based on data provided by SCADA systems. One such system, used in Kansas City, Kansas, is described in detail. The SCADA system is a JC-6000; several basic EMS applications served as a design framework for the water applications. The design philosophy hinges on two key points: operator has primary control and the applications are modular and the interfaces are simple and well defined. A figure shows the water applications, their support environment, and major data flows. The network analysis portion of the system is based on the KYPIPE network analysis program. The optimal water flow application is functionally similar to the EMS optimal power flow software; it shifts pumping away from high electrical load periods. It is used in the Kansas City system to sequentially schedule pressure zones. Future trends will carry SCADA in three directions: optimization, the incorporation of expert systems, and the use of network models in operations.
| File Size : | 1
file |
| ISBN(s) : | 0898675812 |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 7 |
| Published : | 01/01/1991 |
