This paper focuses on the technical tools that are used by the Lyonnaise des Eaux, France, to minimize disruptions to water service. The focus is on water quality problems that may disrupt service. The Lyonnaise des Eaux group uses PICCOLO, a network computational model with quality module integrated with the APIC geographic information system; automatic analysis stations; knowledge-based systems; analytical facilities; and real-time alarm networks. Network analysis allows study of accidental pollution in a distribution network, including mapping of residual chlorine, or of a chemical or bacteriological constituent with specific kinetics. In a crisis situation, these simulations give an indication of the time available to react and the scale of the pollution to be treated. They also allow the devising of defensive strategies. An early warning and automatic analysis station is based on two complementary principles: the automatic measurement of specific parameters relevant to treatment or indicative of toxic substances, and the measurement of global parameters. If any of the parameters exceeds a preset point, the alarm is triggered and a sample is automatically taken for analysis. The Central Laboratory of the Lyonnaise des Eaux has set up a crisis team capable of intervening anywhere in France, to take samples, do on-site analyses, and send samples to another laboratory for closer analyses. The database used in conjunction with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy enables an extremely reliable identification of organic micropollutants.
| File Size : | 1
file |
| ISBN(s) : | 0898675812 |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 5 |
| Published : | 01/01/1991 |
