Integrated membrane systems (IMSs) are defined as a combination of one or more
membrane processes, and typically include a combination of two or more of the
following processes: microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration
(NF) and hyperfiltration (commonly known as reverse osmosis (RO)). IMSs are
emerging as an ideal choice for the treatment of surface water for compliance
with the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR). The primary purpose of implementing
an IMS approach for advanced water treatment of surface water supplies is to
reduce and control membrane fouling during treatment. This paper identifies the
characteristics of MF, UF, NF and RO and briefly discusses the importance of
water quality in the selection of water supply source and membrane process
design. IMS performance considerations are also addressed. Includes 17 references, table.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 140 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 6 |
| Published : | 01/01/1999 |
