New Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts regulations promulgated December 16,
1998 are expected to have significant impacts on existing cold lime softening
(CLS) plants in Florida. Because of the high levels of natural organic matter
(NOM) typically present in Florida's groundwater and the need to provide
softening to reduce hardness to acceptable levels, many utilities are planning
the construction of new membrane treatment facilities at tremendous cost. The
existing CLS plants represent substantial capital investments that will not be
utilized by the membrane technology. This study investigates enhanced softening,
and the required modifications to the CLS process to improve NOM removal and
reduce disinfection byproducts. Bench and full-scale test results from two south
Florida utilities are presented, effectively demonstrating that the CLS process
can be adjusted to meet the new regulatory challenges. Full-scale test results
for enhanced softening and simultaneous coagulation and softening are presented,
using accelators operating at flows from 20 to 40 million gallons per day.
Disinfection byproduct data presented includes actual distribution system total
organic carbon, trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. The implications of
enhanced CLS residuals management are also discussed. During the full-scale
testing, Langlier Index data was collected to insure that the process
modifications would produce a stable finished water. Includes 5 references, tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 610 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 20 |
| Published : | 01/01/1999 |
