This article reviews the causes and effects of and solutions to water hammer problems. The following topics are addressed: basic phenomena of water hammer; the effects of a friction gradient; vapor column separation; events that typically cause undesirable transients such as pump startup, pump power failure, valve motion, and improper operation of surge protection devices; and surge control devices such as vacuum breaker-air release valves, relief valves, standpipes or surge tanks, and air bottles (also known as accumulators or closed surge tanks). Examples of water hammer problems and solutions to the problems are presented. Includes 15 references, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. 76 - No. 11 |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 2.2 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 7 |
| Published : | 11/01/1984 |
