This research investigated source waters from softening
plants in Florida, Missouri, Nebraska, South
Dakota, and Texas to evaluate how source water quality
and varying lime doses affected softening, removal
of natural organic matter (NOM), and disinfection byproduct
(DBP) formation. Most lime softening plants
are likely to be able to meet regulations for removal of
organic carbon and limitations on DBP formation by
operating with lime addition just below the level that
causes dramatic reduction of the magnesium concentration.
This operating condition is optimal because it
limits the amount of sludge that could be created by
enhanced softening.
For managers of utilities that use precipitative softening,
the findings provide insight into the effects of
plant operation on the ability to remove NOM and
control DBPs. In addition, the dose normalization
developed for this research will allow utilities to easily
compare their operations with those of other plants
having different water characteristics. Includes 29 references, tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. 98 - No. 11 |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 400 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 14 |
| Published : | 11/01/2006 |
