The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
was charged with determining whether minimum federal
Clean Water Act requirements should be established
for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System permits on the discharge of residuals produced
at water treatment plants. A key factor in USEPA's
evaluation was the cost of residuals management at
facilities where such treatment does not currently exist
or where significant treatment changes would be
required to meet such a technology-based management
requirement. AWWA initiated this project to provide
independent cost information to aid in the USEPA
cost-benefit analysis.
Cost estimates were developed for implementing
residuals management at existing coagulation and
lime-softening plants of various sizes and solids production
rates. In addition to capital costs, annual
costs associated with residuals management were
estimated and used to calculate the 20-year current
worth for residuals management. The work also provides
guidance on focus areas where costs can be
reduced. Includes 6 references, tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. 100 - No. 3 |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 650 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 13 |
| Published : | 03/01/2008 |
