The need for a multi-barrier approach to pathogen removal necessitates the increased importance of physical removal processes such as filtration. The US Environmental Protection Agency's Long-Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) utilizes a toolbox approach that offers utilities a variety of treatment options for obtaining Cryptosporidium parvum removal/inactivation credits, one of which is demonstrations of filter performance. Full-scale confirmation of C. parvum removal data obtained from pilot-scale studies, though likely impractical on a regular basis, would help to provide strategies for designing and conducting seeding studies that are as indicative of full-scale C. parvum removal as possible. This investigation demonstrated that microsphere removals by pilot-scale filtration were generally indicative of those obtained during full-scale filtration during stable and late in filter cycle operation. This study also demonstrated that oocysts-sized polystyrene microsphere removals of>4-log could be achieved during periods of stable operation during both early and late portions of the filter cycle. The outcomes of this investigation suggested that performance demonstrations such as those specified by the LT2ESWTR should be conducted in a clearly explained and potentially standardized manner. Includes 11 references, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 290 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 13 |
| Published : | 01/01/2001 |
