This study established the accuracy of the analytical method for determination of approximately
100 pharmaceuticals/personal care products (PPCPs) in water samples using solid phase extraction and LC/MS/MS or GC/MS. It also monitored the existence of PPCPs in raw and sewage treatment water sampled in an urban area in Tokyo, Japan. Eleven PPCPs were monitored by LC/MS/MS in order to clarify the emission sources in winter. The measured concentration of PPCPs in the
aquatic environment was low level (ng/L). Most PPCPs were removed by the
wastewater treatment plant. However, bezafibrate, diclofenac and carbamazepine were difficult
to remove by standard wastewater treatment. Most PPCPs were decreased by chlorination in 4
hours. On the other hand, fibrates, ethenzamide, carbamazepine, and fluvoxamine reacted
weakly and remained at 54-100% of the initial concentration in 4 hours. Almost all PPCPs were
removed by powdered activated carbon. The effects of PPCPs should be sufficiently
assessed. In this paper, the risk assessment of PPCPs for human health is examined on the
basis of the results of the field study of discharge concentration from the sewage treatment plants,
the environmental concentrate, removal effects in the pure water treatment system and maximum
non-observed adverse effect level. Includes abstract only.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 780 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 3 |
| Published : | 11/01/2009 |
