Cosmetic and Drug Microbiology PDF

Preface

The goal of this book is to update the principles and practices of cosmetic and drug microbiology set forth in volumes 1, 12 and 16 of the Cosmetic Science and Technology Series to reflect many of the changes and globalization that have occurred during the recent years. The benchmark book, Cosmetic and Drug Preservation. Principles and Practices, Volume 1 in the Series and edited by Dr. J. J. Kabara, was introduced to define the need for product preservation, discuss the use of preservatives, present test methods, and note safety and regulatory issues surrounding the use of preservative circa 1984. The Handbook of Cosmetic Microbiology, Volume 12 in the Series and written by Dr. D. S. Orth, presented many facets of cosmetic microbiology, including the occurrence of microorganisms in raw materials, injury, survival strategies used by microorganisms to live in stressful environments, virulence factors, the microbiological basis of cosmetics and drugs, and regulations pertaining to cosmetics and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs in the United States. Volume 16 in the Series, Preservative-Free and Self-Preserving Cosmetics and Drugs: Principles and Practice, edited by Drs. Kabara and Orth, was written to introduce a paradigm shift in thinking about product preservation by using the principles of preservation to create self-preserving products. Self-preserving products are consumer-friendly and environment-friendly, and they may be used globally without the safety and regulatory issues surrounding the use chemical preservatives.

Cosmetic and Drug Microbiology updates the principles and practices of microbiology outlined in these earlier works. Editors and authors from academia, industry and government in many different countries including China, France, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States give authenticity for the global positioning of the volume. Cosmetic and Drug Microbiology has a strong emphasis on product preservation, and there are chapters on preservative efficacy testing of conventional cosmetics and drugs, make-up type products, and anhydrous or ‘‘atypical'' products. Information on the use of enzymes and plant products as antimicrobials, hurdle technology, and global preservative systems are intended to provide readers with a solid foundation for designing products to meet global regulatory requirements, as well as preservative efficacy. Chapters on microbiology of raw materials and microbiological limit testing are an essential part of product development and manufacturing.

The chapters on the microbiology of the skin and microbiological testing during clinical trials highlight the importance of microorganisms found on the skin and its appendages. They illustrate how microbiological testing during clinical studies may be an integral part of clinical evaluation of topical treatment products. The chapter on nanotechnology describes ‘‘lab-on-a-chip'' techniques used by leading investigators for detection of microorganisms, metabolic products, and immunological mediators at the molecular level. The chapters on evolution of testing and new developments in cosmetic and drug microbiology give state-of-the-art techniques for detecting microorganisms and suggest approaches for the role of microbiology in new cosmetics and drugs.

We wish to acknowledge the efforts of our contributing authors and the cooperation of the staff at Informa Healthcare. We are pleased to recognize Barbara Jo Orth, Betty Kabara, Angela Denyer, and Janifer Yeo for their patience, understanding, encouragement, and continued support of our work. Also, we want to recognize Mrs. Dawn Villere White, Senior Technical Information Specialist at Neutrogena, for her assistance with locating references and articles in support of this work.