ICAO 10176 PDF

FOREWORD

Historical background

In 1972 the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was held in Stockholm. The position of ICAO at this Conference was developed in Assembly Resolution A18-11 which contained the following clause among others:

“2. in fulfilling this role ICAO is conscious of the adverse environmental impact that may be related to aircraft activity and its responsibility and that of its member States to achieve maximum compatibility between the safe and orderly development of civil aviation and the quality of the human environment;”

The 18th Assembly also adopted Resolution A18-12 relating to the environment which states:

“THE ASSEMBLY:

1. REQUESTS the Council, with the assistance and co-operation of other bodies of the Organization and other international organizations to continue with vigour the work related to the development of Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures and/or guidance material dealing with the quality of the human environment;”

This resolution was followed up by the establishment of an ICAO Action Programme Regarding the Environment. As part of this Action Programme a Study Group was established to assist the Secretariat in certain tasks related to aircraft engine emissions. As a result of the work of this Study Group, an ICAO Circular entitled Control of Aircraft Engine Emissions (Circular 134) was published in 1977. This Circular contained guidance material in the form of a certification procedure for the control of vented fuel, smoke and certain gaseous emissions for new turbojet and turbofan engines intended for propulsion at subsonic speeds.

It was agreed by the Council that the subject of aircraft engine emissions was not one that was solely confined to objective technical issues but was one that needed consideration by experts in many fields and included the direct views of Member States. A Council committee, known as the Committee on Aircraft Engine Emissions (CAEE) was therefore established in 1977 to pursue a number of aspects of the subject.

At the second meeting of the Committee on Aircraft Engine Emissions, held in May 1980, proposals were made for material to be included in an ICAO Annex. After amendment following the usual consultation with Member States of the Organization, the proposed material was adopted by the Council to form the text of this document. The Council agreed that it was desirable to include all provisions relating to environmental aspects of aviation in one Annex. It therefore renamed Annex 16 as “Environmental Protection”, making the existing text of the Annex into “Volume I — Aircraft Noise”, the material contained in this document becoming “Volume II — Aircraft Engine Emissions”.

Applicability

Part I of Volume II of Annex 16 contains definitions and symbols and Part II contains Standards relating to vented fuel. Part III contains Standards relating to emissions certification applicable to the classes of aircraft engines specified in the individual chapters of the Part, where such engines are fitted to aircraft engaged in international civil aviation. Part IV contains Standards and Recommended Practices for non-volatile particulate matter assessment for inventory and modelling purposes.

Action by Contracting States

Notification of differences. The attention of Contracting States is drawn to the obligation imposed by Article 38 of the Convention by which Contracting States are required to notify the Organization of any differences between their national regulations and practices and the International Standards contained in this Annex and any amendments thereto. Contracting States are invited to extend such notification to any differences from the Recommended Practices contained in this Annex, and any amendments thereto, when the notification of such differences is important for the safety of air navigation. Further, Contracting States are invited to keep the Organization currently informed of any differences which may subsequently occur, or of the withdrawal of any differences previously notified. A specific request for notification of differences will be sent to Contracting States immediately after the adoption of each amendment to this Annex.

The attention of States is also drawn to the provisions of Annex 15 related to the publication of differences between their national regulations and practices and the related ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices through the Aeronautical Information Service, in addition to the obligation of States under Article 38 of the Convention.

Use of the Annex text in national regulations. The Council, on 13 April 1948, adopted a resolution inviting the attention of Contracting States to the desirability of using in their own national regulations, as far as is practicable, the precise language of those ICAO Standards that are of a regulatory character and also of indicating departures from the Standards, including any additional national regulations that were important for the safety or regularity of international air navigation. Wherever possible, the provisions of this Annex have been written in such a way as to facilitate incorporation, without major textual changes, into national legislation.

Status of Annex components

An Annex is made up of the following component parts, not all of which, however, are necessarily found in every Annex; they have the status indicated.

1.— Material comprising the Annex proper:

a) Standards and Recommended Practices adopted by the Council under the provisions of the Convention. They are defined as follows:

Standard:

Any specification for physical characteristics, configuration, matériel, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform application of which is recognized as necessary for the safety or regularity of international air navigation and to which Contracting States will conform in accordance with the Convention; in the event of impossibility of compliance, notification to the Council is compulsory under Article 38.

Recommended Practice:

Any specification for physical characteristics, configuration, matériel, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform application of which is recognized as desirable in the interest of safety, regularity or efficiency of international air navigation, and to which Contracting States will endeavour to conform in accordance with the Convention.

b) Appendices comprising material grouped separately for convenience but forming part of the Standards and Recommended Practices adopted by the Council.

c) Provisions governing the applicability of the Standards and Recommended Practices

d) Definitions of terms used in the Standards and Recommended Practices which are not self-explanatory in that they do not have accepted dictionary meanings. A definition does not have an independent status but is an essential part of each Standard and Recommended Practice in which the term is used, since a change in the meaning of the term would affect the specification.

e) Tables and Figures which add to or illustrate a Standard or Recommended Practice and which are referred to therein, form part of the associated Standard or Recommended Practice and have the same status.

2.— Material approved by the Council for publication in association with the Standards and Recommended Practices:

a) Forewords comprising historical and explanatory material based on the action of the Council and including an explanation of the obligations of States with regard to the application of the Standards and Recommended Practices ensuing from the Convention and the Resolution of Adoption.

b) Introductions comprising explanatory material introduced at the beginning of parts, chapters or sections of the Annex to assist in the understanding of the application of the text.

c) Notes included in the text, where appropriate, to give factual information or references bearing on the Standards or Recommended Practices in question, but not constituting part of the Standards or Recommended Practices.

d) Attachments comprising material supplementary to the Standards and Recommended Practices, or included as a guide to their application.

Disclaimer regarding patents

Attention is drawn to the possibility that certain elements of Standards and Recommended Practices in this Annex may be the subject of patents or other intellectual property rights. ICAO shall not be responsible or liable for not identifying any or all such rights. ICAO takes no position regarding the existence, validity, scope or applicability of any claimed patents or other intellectual property rights, and accepts no responsibility or liability therefore or relating thereto.

Selection of language

This Annex has been adopted in six languages — English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish. Each Contracting State is requested to select one of those texts for the purpose of national implementation and for other effects provided for in the Convention, either through direct use or through translation into its own national language, and to notify the Organization accordingly.

Editorial practices

The following practice has been adhered to in order to indicate at a glance the status of each statement: Standards have been printed in light face roman; Recommended Practices have been printed in light face italics, the status being indicated by the prefix Recommendation; Notes have been printed in light face italics, the status being indicated by the prefix Note.

It is to be noted that in the English text the following practice has been adhered to when writing the specifications: Standards employ the operative verb “shall” while Recommended Practices employ the operative verb “should”.

The units of measurement used in this document are in accordance with the International System of Units (SI) as specified in Annex 5 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Where Annex 5 permits the use of non-SI alternative units, these are shown in parentheses following the basic units. Where two sets of units are quoted it must not be assumed that the pairs of values are equal and interchangeable. It may, however, be inferred that an equivalent level of safety is achieved when either set of units is used exclusively.

Any reference to a portion of this document which is identified by a number includes all subdivisions of that portion.

Coordination with ISO activity

In the provisions related to certification procedures, use is made of the related specifications developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). In most cases, these specifications have been incorporated by direct reference. However, in some cases, it has been found necessary to modify the specifications to suit ICAO requirements and in such cases the modified material is included in full in this document. The assistance provided by ISO in the development of detailed specifications is recognized.