With the increased use of renewable energy resources such as wind and solar energy being added to the electric grid, the electricity production becomes highly variable. It is a substantial challenge considering that the electricity generation and demand must be matched in real-time. One way to address variable amounts of electricity generation is through the use of technology to vary building loads. Since buildings account for approximately 75% of electric loads, they have a strong potential to provide grid flexibility, such as through participation in demand response (DR) and other similarly targeting programs. Various building loads can be used to provide this load flexibility, such as lighting and HVAC. However, when modulating these loads, it must also be ensured that occupants remain comfortable. One method that can help to support HVAC load modulation while still maintaining a comfortable indoor environment is through the use of Thermal Energy Storage (TES). TES has the potential to be charged during non-peak hours, then be used during peak hours to support HVAC operations. This enables a reduction in HVAC demand during peak periods. It also has the potential to be used in conjunction with other smart building systems such as automated lighting and shading. There have been an increasing number of research efforts in recent years that focus on the exploring TES for demand response applications such as load shifting. This study aims to review the existing literature on TES, specifically Ice Thermal Energy Storage (ITES), with emphasis on modeling methods, tools, common buildings, HVAC systems, control strategies and cost analysis in commercial buildings. This will provide a comprehensive understanding of existing research undertaken, with limitations and opportunities for future research efforts.
| File Size : | 1
file
, 1.7 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 10 |
| Product Code(s) : | D-AT-23-C061 |
| Published : | 2023 |
| Units of Measure : | Dual |
