This powerpoint presentation begins by providing information on water scarcity around the world and in the U.S., the growth of desalination, and reverse osmosis (RO) becoming the preferred desalination technology. Energy - Significant Component of Cost is presented, along with factors affecting energy consumption of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) that include the following: salinity and temperature,
recovery;
membrane resistance;
skid design;
design flux;
number of passes; and,
pretreatment. An example of the Layounne seawater RO facility is presented, along with the Ashkelon seawater desalination facility, statistics on the energy consumption of SWRO facilities, RO membranes made from nanomaterials, RO membranes with nanoparticles, and capacitive deionization. Conclusions on
improving energy efficiency of RO indicate the following:
modifications to RO system design;
improvements in membrane elements;
other considerations - Flux, Fouling, Pumps; and,
several innovations being tested for large scale
applicability. Includes table, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 2.7 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 36 |
| Published : | 11/01/2008 |
