The objective of this study was twofold: to compare the
filtration processes and resultant water quality of a conventional treatment and membrane
filtration plant to quantify any potential treatment inequity; and, to employ the
LT2ESWTR Microbial Toolbox to capitalize on current treatment performance and
identify process improvement alternatives to provide a comparable degree of treatment at
the conventional filtration facility without the application of advanced treatment
processes, such as low pressure membranes or ultraviolet disinfection. For this analysis,
Cryptosporidium removal was selected as the most appropriate means of comparing the
performance of each facility because Cryptosporidium control is primarily achieved by
physical exclusion and removal processes (i.e., filtration) rather than inactivation.
Furthermore, Cryptosporidium is the smallest protozoa (3-5 µm) that are removed by
both low pressure membranes and conventional treatment. Turbidity removal was
assessed and used as a surrogate for Cryptosporidium removal in accordance with the
design and operational criteria set forth in the Toolbox. The findings of this study
demonstrate that opportunities frequently exist within the Toolbox options to augment the
removal credit of a conventional treatment plant with nominal improvements or
alterations to the current treatment processes and operational strategies. The
establishment of treatment equity affirms the efficacy and reliability of conventional
treatment with respect to membrane processes and will likely promote consumer
confidence and satisfaction. Includes tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 7.3 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 45 |
| Published : | 11/01/2008 |
