Half-Bead/Temper-Bead/Controlled Deposition Welding Techniques are appellations applied to methods for controlling/modifying the microstructure in the weld HAZ. These techniques seek either to temper or grain refine thus improving the HAZ toughness and/or enhancing cracking resistance. One of the ultimate aims in the employment of such techniques is to be able to eliminate PWHT without affecting structural integrity. The majority of work on these techniques has been accomplished on nuclear pressure vessel steels for the development of repair methods suitable for correcting problems encountered in the in-service operation of the pressure vessels. However, a significant amount of effort has been applied to the Cr-Mo steels used for power generation and petrochemical applications. In addition, a limited amount of work has been accomplished on C-Mn steels aimed at repair without the necessity for PWHT. In addition to experimental studies for the determination of properties which result from the application of these welding procedures, significant efforts have been made to develop models for the prediction of both microstructure and properties. This review seeks to summarize the significant research and the utilization of the techniques for repair of components in various types of service. As the methods developed from the fundamental studies are incorporated in the codes, further definition of the effectiveness of the methodologies will be required to extend the utility to other materials and applications.
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| Number of Pages : | 52 |
| Published : | 2005 |
