The Honolulu Board of Water Supply provides drinking water to 800,000
people on the island of Oahu. Their water supply is from over 200
groundwater sources, which are disinfected at a low level to balance
microbiological and aesthetic water quality. EPA will promulgate a Ground
Water Rule (GWR) by the end of 2002, which may require certain sources to
be disinfected to achieve 4-log virus removal depending on the findings of
sanitary surveys and source water monitoring. A study was conducted to
develop implementation strategies for complying with the GWR.
Representative sources were evaluated to determine which could meet the
disinfection provisions of the GWR with existing chlorination systems
without exceeding a 0.1 mg/l residual at the first customer, a limit
established to protect aesthetic quality. For those that cannot, options were
developed and conceptual designs prepared to illustrate how facilities might
be retrofit at these locations to achieve GWR compliance. Options included
adding contact time and switching to an alternate disinfectant.
Includes 6 references, tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 1.4 MB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 15 |
| Published : | 06/16/2002 |
