This paper discusses the results of two pilot tests that were conducted to determine pretreatment requirements for reverse osmosis (RO) treatment of groundwater containing iron and manganese. The presence of iron and manganese in groundwater that needs to be treated by the RO system requires
careful consideration of pretreatment requirements. If iron and manganese are present in
dissolved form and the feed water can be conveyed to the RO system without altering their
oxidation state, direct treatment is possible. However, oxidation of iron and manganese could
occur due to various causes including infiltration of air through well casing, mixing of air during
drawdown of water level, etc. In such instances, removal of iron and manganese is required prior
to treatment by RO system. Greensand filtration can be used in such instances for removal of
iron and manganese. The filtration system should be designed to achieve combined iron and
manganese concentration of < 0.06 mg/L to minimize fouling of the RO membranes. Includes tables, figures.
| Edition : | Vol. - No. |
| File Size : | 1
file
, 870 KB |
| Note : | This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus |
| Number of Pages : | 11 |
| Published : | 11/01/2009 |
